INDEX.

ACADEMY, Military iii. 155 ACCOUNTS, Public, to be published iii. 213, 214 ACCUSATION, Self, Criminals not bound to iii. 656 - 660 ADJOURNMENT of Congress, by whom iii. 293, 294, 297 of each House iii. 303 - 330 ADMIRALTY, Jurisdiction. (See JUDICIARY) iii 525 - 536 ADMISSION of new States into the Union iii. 184 - 192 ALIENS, who are iii. 570, 571 suits by, and against iii. 568 - 572 ALIEN ACT, whether constitutional iii. 164 - 166 AMBASSADORS, appointment of iii 354, 379, 373, 380 Receiving of iii. 412, 414 Dismission of iii..418, 419 Protection, and fights of iii. 519 - 525 Suits by and against iii. 519 - 525 AMENDMENTS OF CONSTITUTION, how made iii. 685 - 690 APPEAL, Nature and Effect of iii. 626 - 651 APPELLATE JURISDICTION. (See JUDICIARY) iii. 572, 576, 626 - 651 APPOINTMENTS, to office by president, and senate iii. 372 - 886 By congress, and heads of departments iii. 354, 382 - 386 When discretionary in congress iii. 354, 382 - 386 When complete iii. 397 - 408 When the party is in office iii. 408, 409 In case of vacancies iii. 409 - 412 APPORTIONMENT, of Representatives iii 103 - 114. 137 - 158 of Direct Taxes iii. 420, 462 - 465 APPROPRIATIONS, of Money iii. 64, 213, 214 for Internal Improvements iii. 149 - 153 ARMS, right to bear iii. 746 ARMY AND NAVY, power to create and regulate iii. 64 - 80 ARREST of Members of Congress iii.318 - 325 ARTS AND SCIENCE, Promotion of iii. 48 - 52 ATTAINDER, Prohibition of Bills of, by congress iii. 209 - 211 by States iii. 238, 239 Effect of, in Treason iii. 169 - 173 AUTHORS, Copyright of iii. 48 - 52 AYES AND NOES, Call of, in congress ii. 301 - 303

762 INDEX.

BAIL, excessive, Prohibition of iii. 750, 751 BANK OF UNITED STATES, Constitutionality of iii. 127 - 149 States cannot tax ii. 486 - 501 BANKRUPTCY, Power of congress over iii. 4 - 15 BILL OF RIGHTS, Propriety of iii. 713 - 722 BILLS OF ATTAINDER, Prohibition of by congress iii. 209 - 211 by States iii. 217, 238 BILLS OF CREDIT, Prohibition of iii. 220 - 237 What are iii. 227 - 237 BILLS OF EXCHANGE, Purchase of, by U. States iii. 153 BORROW MONEY, Power of congress to ii. 503, 504

CANALS AND ROADS, Power of congress as to ii. 149 - 153 CAPITATION TAX, Power to lay ii. 494 - 458, 462 CAPTURES, Regulation of iii. 59 - 64 CAROLINAS, Origin and Settlement of i. 117 - 128 CASES, What are within the judicial power iii. 499 - 519 CENSUS, when to be taken ii. 103, 114 - 118 CESSIONS, for Seat of Government iii. 101 - 103 for Forts, Arsenals, &e. iii. 103 - 108 of Foreign Territory iii. 156 - 161 CHARTER Governments, what i. 145, 146 CHARTERS, Whether contracts, protected by constitution iii. 258 - 264 CITIZENS, who are iii. 564 - 567 Privileges and Immunities of, in each State iii. 673 - 675 COINAGE, Power of congress, over iii. 16 - 22 Counterfeiting iii. 21 Prohibition upon the States iii. 217, 219, 220 COLONIES, AMERICAN, Origin and Settlement of i 1 - 132 Title of Territory i. l - 20 General Review of i. 132 - 183 Common Law in i. 132 - 141 Governments in i. 142 - 147 Rights of i. 142 - 165. 171 - 176 COLONIES, Legislative powers of i. 171, 172 COLUMBIA, District of iii. 96 - 101 Taxes in iii. 462 - 469 Legislation in iii. 102 - 108

INDEX. 763

COMMERCE, Power of congress to regulate (See TAXES) ii. 503 - 543 Foreign ii. 510 Domestic ii. 510 with Indians ii 510, 539 - 541 Exclusive power in Congress ii. 512 Encouragement of Manufactures iii. 519 - 538 COMMON LAW IN COLONIES, Introduction of i. 132 - 137, 141 COMMON DEFENCE, Taxes for ii. 366, 368, 429, 444, 458 COMPACTS, by States iii. 270, 271 COMPENSATION (See PRESIDENT, JUDGES) iii. 337 - 339 iii. 490 - 498 for Property taken for Public uses iii. 656 - 661 CONTEMPTS OF CONGRESS, how punishable iii. 298, 305 - 317 CONTEMPTS OF COURTS, punishable iii. 650 CONFEDERATION, Origin and Formation of i. 209 - 216 Articles of i. 217 - 223 Decline and Fall of i. 224 - 252 CONGRESS, Adjournment of ii. 293, 294, 297 Quorum of ii. 294, 297 Rules of . ii. 298, 299 Ayes and Norms ii. 301 - 303 Compensation of . ii. 318 - 324 Disqualifications of members of ii. 330 - 337 Qualifications of Representatives ii. 46, 88 - 103 of Senators ii. 204 - 208 Organization and modes of Proceeding ii. 337 - 865 Division into two Branches ii. 26 - 45 House of Representatives ii. 46 - 172 Senate 11. 173 - 280 Elections of ii. 280 - 297 Powers, when exclusive or not i. 420 - 435 Meetings of ii. 280- 297 Privileges of ii. 297 - 327 Journals of, to be kept ii. 301, 302 Contempts of ii. 298, 305 - 317 Mode of passing laws ii. 338 - 342, 357 - 365 Impeachments by and before ii. 159 - 171, 214 - 279 Power to Lay Taxes ii. 366 - 502 Borrow Money ii. 503, 504 Regulate Commerce ii. 504 - 543

764 INDEX.

CONGRESS, Powers Continued. Naturalization iii. 1 - 3 Bankrupt Laws iii. 4 - 15 Coin Money iii. 16 - 20 Weights and Measures iii. 20, 21 Counterfeiting Coin iii. 21 Post-offices and Poet-roads iii. 22 - 47 Promotion of Science and Arts iii. 48 - 52 Piracy and Felonies on the High Seas iii. 52 - 58 Offences against the Law of Nations iii. 52 - 58 War and Captures iii. 59 - 64 Army and Navy iii. 64 - 80 Militia iii. 81 - 95 Seat of Government iii. 96 - 101 Forts, Arsenals, Dock-yards, &c. iii. 101 - 108 Incidental Powers iii. 109 - 126 Resulting Powers iii. 111 - 124 Bank of United States iii. 127 - 148 Vacancy in Presidency iii. 334 - 337 Establishment of Judiciary iii. 449 - 458 648 - 650 Appropriations of Money iii. 64 Internal Improvements iii. 149 - 158 Embargoes ii. 509. iii. 161 - 164 Alien and Sedition Act iii. 164 - 166 Treason, punishment of iii. 169 - 173 State Records, proof and effect of iii. 174 - 183 Admission of new States iii. 184 - 192 Government of Territories iii. 193 - 201 CONNECTICUT, Origin and Settlement of i. 72 - 80 CONQUEST, Laws of, as to Colonies i. 133 CONSCIENCE, Rights of iii. 702 - 705 CONSTITUTION OF UNITED STATES Origin and Adoption of i. 252 - 258 General objections to i. 259 - 278 Whether a Compact or League i. 279 - 343 Formed by the People, and not by States i. 318 - 322, 448 Final Interpreter, who is i. 344 - 382 Rules of Interpretation of i. 383 - 442 Preamble, Exposition of i. 443 - 494

INDEX. 765

CONSTITUTION OF U. STATES, Continued. Division of powers, Legislative, Executive, Judicial ii. 1 - 26 Legislative power, Division into two Branches ii. 26 - 45 The House of Representatives (See REPRESENTATIVES.) ii. 46 - 172 The Senate. (See SENATE.) ii. 173 - 280 Mode of passing Laws ii. 338 - 342, 357 - 365 President's negative ii. 343 - 356, 421 Powers of congress. (See CONGRESS.) ii. 366 to iii. 217 Executive department. (See PRESIDENT.) iii. 277 - 424 Judicial department. (See JUDICIARY.) iii. 425 - 456 Supremacy of Constitution, Treaties and Laws iii. 693 - 701 CONSTRUCTION, Rules of, -- of Constitution i. 383 - 442 CONSULS, Appointment of iii. 354, 372 Suits, by and against iii. 519 - 525 CONTEMPTS OF CONGRESS, how punishable ii. 298, 305 - 317 whether pardonable by President iii. 353, 354 CONTEMPTS OF COURTS, iii. 650 CONTRACTS, Impairing, prohibition of iii. 240 - 268 of the United States, how interpreted iii. :200, 201 CONVEYANCES, of Land under Colonial Governments i. 160, 161 COPYRIGHT, of Authors iii. 48 - 52 CORPORATION, composed of citizens, when entitled to sue iii. 566 Foreign, when it may sue iii. 571 CORRUPTION of Blood, in Treason iii. 169 - 173 COUNSEL, Right to, in criminal cases iii. 664 - 666 COURTS. (See JUDICIARY.) iii. 425 - 456 State, appellate jurisdiction, over iii. 572, 576 - 612 CRIMES, how prosecuted and tried iii. 652 - 656 CRIMINALS, Fugitive iii. 675 - 677 not bound to accuse themselves iii. 656 - 660 Trial of iii. 652 - 656 not to be twice tried iii. 656 - 659 CROWN, Rights and Prerogatives of, in the Colonies iii. 132 - 137

766 INDEX.

DEBTS in Colonies, a charge on land i. 167, 168 Revolutionary, provided for iii. 691, 692 of United States, priority of payment iii. 153, 154 DEBT, PUBLIC, stock not taxable by a State iii. 495 - 501 Old, declared valid iii. 691, 692 DEFENCE, Common, power to tax for iii. 366 - 502 DELAWARE, Origin and Settlement of i. 115 - 117 DESCENT, Rules of, in Colonies i. 165, 166 DIRECT TAXES, What are ii. 424 - 428, 462 - 469 How apportioned ii. 103, 420, 424 DISCOVERY, Right of, to America i. 3 - 20 Effect of, on Indian Title i. 132 - 138 DISQUALIFICATION and Disability to hold office iii. 330 - 337 of Electors iii. 329, 330 DISTRICT of Columbia iii. 96 - 101 Taxes on iii. 462 - 469 Legislation in iii. 102 - 108 DIVISION of Legislative, Executive and Judicial powers, Reasons for ii. 1 - 26 of Legislative, Reasons for ii. 26 - 45 DUTIES, Power to lay ii. 367 - 440 Meaning of ii. 419, 421, 423 to be uniform ii. 367, 419 - 428 Prohibitions on States ii. 471,486. iii. 270

ELECTIONS of Representatives ii. 46 - 88, 280 - 292 of Senators ii. 173 - 203, 280 - 292 of President and Vice-President iii. 311 - 330 ELECTORS of President and Vice-President iii. 311 - 330 Time of choice of iii. 330 - 332 of Representatives and Senators (See ELECTIONS.) ii. 46 - 88, 280 - 292 Disqualifications of ii. 329, 330 EMBARGO, power to lay ii. 509. iii. 161 - 163 What constitutional iii. 164 - 168 ERROR, Writ of, Nature and Effect of iii. 626 - 629 EXCISES, Whet are. (See DUTIES.) ii. 367, 423, 424 EXCLUSIVE, whet powers of congress are, or not i. 420 - 435

INDEX. 767

EXECUTIVE department, Organization of iii. 277 - 280 EXECUTIVE, Unity of, Reasons for iii. 281 - 291 Duration of office iii. 278, 291 - 309 Re-eligibility. (See PRESIDENT.) iii. 302 - 308 EXPORTS, Prohibition of Duties on ii. 422, 469 - 471 EX POST FACTO LAWS, prohibition of, by congress iii. 219, 213 by a state iii. 238, 239

FELONIES, What are iii. 52 - 56 On High Seas iii. 52 - 56 FINES and FORFEITURES, Pardon of by President iii. 353, 354 Prohibition of, excessive iii. 750 - 751 FLORIDA, Purchase of iii. 150, 161 FREEDOM of the Press iii. 722, 731, 744 of Speech iii. 722, 731, 735 of Religion iii. 722 FUGITIVE, Criminals iii. 675 - 677 Slaves iii. 675 - 677

GENERAL WELFARE, Power to Tax for ii. 366, 368, 444, 458, 502 GEORGIA, Origin and Settlement of iii. 128 - 131 GOVERNMENT, Republican form of, guarantied iii. 679 - 684 GRAND JURY, in Crimes iii. 655 - 659 GUARANTY of Republican form of Government iii. 679 - 684

HABEAS CORPUS WRIT, Privilege of iii. 206-209 Suspension of iii. 206 - 209 HIGH SEAS, what is iii. 52 - 58 Crimes On iii. 52 - 58 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. (See REPRESENTATIVES.) ii. 46 - 172

IMPAIRING CONTRACTS, Prohibition of iii. 240 - 268

768 INDEX.

IMPEACHMENT, Power of in House of Representatives ii. 559 - 171, 214 Trial of in Senate ii. 214 - 279 of President and Vice-President ii. 247, 255, 278 Proceedings on ii. 250, 273 - 277 who are liable to ii. 255, 257 for what offences ii. 262 - 271 IMPLIED POWERS OF CONGRESS iii. 109 - 126, 752, 756 of Courts iii. 650 IMPLIED EXEMPTIONS from State Power iii. 125 IMPORTS, a State cannot tax iii. 474 - 486 IMPOSTS, Meaning of ii. 419 - 422 (See DUTIES.) INCIDENTAL POWERS OF CONGRESS iii. 109 - 126, 759, 756 INDEPENDENCE, Declaration of i. 190 - 192 INDIANS, Title to Territory i. 7, 132, 135 - 138 Commerce with ii. 510, 539 - 543 INDICTMENT, when necessary iii. 656 - 659 INFERIOR OFFICERS, who are in sense of Constitution iii. 362, 386, 387 INFORMATION, in Criminal Cues iii. 659 INJUNCTIONS, to or by State Courts iii. 624 - 626 to or by United States Courts iii. 624 - 626 INSOLVENT LAWS, how far constitutional iii. 252 - 256 INSPECTION LAWS, what are ii. 472, 473 INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS, Power of Congress iii. 149 - 153 (See APPROPRIATION.) INVENTIONS, Patents for iii. 48 - 52

JEOPARDY of life or limb, in crimes iii. 656 - 659 JOURNALS of each House to be published ii. 301, 302 JUDGES, Appointment of iii. 456, 457 Tenure of Office iii. 457 - 489 Duties of, none but Judicial iii. 651 Compensation of iii. 490 - 497 Impeachment of. (See JUDICIARY.) ii. 255, 257

INDEX. 769

JUDICIARY, Organization and Powers of iii. 425 - 652 Importance of iii. 425 - 436 Appointment of Judges iii. 456, 457 Tenure of Office iii. 457 - 489 Compensation of iii. 490 - 497 Establishment of Courts .iii. 437 - 449 Jurisdiction of Courts iii. 499 - 651 When exclusive or not iii. 613 - 622 Power of Congress over iii. 51, 449 - 456 Whether Congress can vest, Power in State Courts iii. 619 - 624 Original Jurisdiction iii. 572 - 576 Appellate Jurisdiction iii. 579, 576 - 590, 696 - 651 from State Courts iii. 576 - 612 Cases, what are iii. 499 - 519 JUDICIARY, Parties in suits iii. 499, 549 - 560 when a State a party iii. 540 - 560 Suits by and against Ambassadors iii. 519 - 525 Admiralty Suits iii. 525 - 536 Suits by United States iii. 536 - 542 by or against States iii. 543 - 549 by citizens of different States iii. 543, 561 - 564 under grants of different States iii. 543, 567, 568 by or against Foreigners or Foreign States iii.543,568 - 571 Trial of Crimes iii. 652 - 656 JURISDICTION OF COURTS OF UNITED STATES iii. 499 - 572 Original iii. 572-576 Appellate. (See JUDICIARY.) iii. 572, 576 - 612, 626 - 651 over Cases from State Courts iii. 562, 576 - 612 Regulation of, by Congress iii. 648 - 650 Removal of Suits from State Courts iii. 608 - 611 When exclusive, or concurrent iii. 613 - 622 As to facts iii. 626 - 650 By Appeal iii. 627 - 629 By Writ of Error iii. 627 - 629

770 INDEX.

JURY, TRIAL BY in Criminal Cases iii. 652 - 656 in Civil Cases iii. 628 - 648 Grand Jury iii. 655 - 659

KING, Rights and Prerogatives of, in Colonies i. 161 - 170

LANDS PUBLIC, Power of Congress over iii. 184 - 191 LAWS OF UNITED STATES, Supremacy of iii. 693 - 701 LAW OF NATIONS, offences against iii. 52 - 58 LAW OF THE LAND; Meaning of iii. 656 - 661 LEGISLATION, when exclusive in Congress. (See COMMERCE) i. 420 - 433; ii.420 - 425 in ceded places iii. 96 - 102 on high seas iii. 56 - 58 when not exclusive. (See TAXES.) i. 420 - 425, 433 LEGISLATURE. (See CONGRESS, SENATE, REPRESENTATIVES.) LETTERS OF MARQUE AND REPRISAL, Power of Congress iii. 59 - 64 Prohibition on State to issue iii 218, 219 LIBERTY of the Press iii. 722 - 731,744 of Speech iii. 722 - 731,744 in Congress ii. 318 LOUISIANA, Purchase of iii. 156 - 160

MAINE, Origin and Settlement of i. 64 - 71 MANUFACTURES, Power of Congress to encourage ii. 429 - 440, 519 - 538 MARYLAND, Origin and Settlement of i. 92 - 97 MASSACHUSETTS, Origin and Settlement of i. 44 - 63 MEASURES AND WEIGHTS, Power of Congress as to iii. 20, 21 MIGRATION AND IMPORTATION OF SLAVES iii. 202 - 206 MILITIA, Power of Congress over iii. 81 - 95 Discipline and Government of iii. 83 - 88 Calling forth by Government iii. 88 - 94 Command of iii. 93 - 95 Right to hear arms iii. 746, 747

INDEX. 771

MILITARY ACADEMY iii. 155 MINISTERS, PUBLIC, Appointment of iii. 372, 373 Receiving of, by Executive iii. 414 - 419 Violations or Rights of iii. 522 Right to sue iii. 519 - 595 MONEY, Coinage of iii. 16 - 22 Power to borrow iii. 503 Bills, or Revenue Bills ii. 338 - 343

NATIONAL BANK, Constitutionality of iii. 127 - 149 NATURALIZATION, Power of iii. 1 - 3 NAVIGATION, Regulation of iii. 507 - 510 NAVY AND ARMY, Power to establish iii. 64 - 79 Regulation of iii. 79, 80 "NECESSARY AND PROPER," Meaning of, as to powers of Congress ii. 109 - 126 NEGATIVE of President on Laws ii. 343 - 356, 421 NEW-ENGLAND, Origin and Settlement of i. 34 - 43 NEW-HAMPSHIRE, Origin and Settlement of i. 64 - 68 NEW-HAVEN COLONY, Origin and Settlement of i. 73, 74 NEW-JERSEY, Origin and Settlement of i. 164 - 108 NEW-YORK, Origin and Settlement of i. 98 - 103 NOBILITY, Prohibition of Titles of by Congress iii. 215, 216 by the States iii. 269 NORTH CAROLINA, Origin and Settlement of i. 117 - 127

OATH OF OFFICE, by Officers of United States iii. 155, 702 of Senators and Representatives iii. 155, 702 of President iii. 339 (See IMPEACHMENT.) ii. 247, 255, 278 by State Officers iii. 702 - 705 OBLIGATION OF A CONTRACT, what it is iii. 243, 244 OFFICE, Tenure of, by Judges. (See JUDICIARY.) iii. 457 - 488 by President and Vice-President iii. 278, 291 - 302 Appointments to. (See APPOINTMENTS.) iii. 354,372 - 386 Disqualifications to hold ii. 330 - 337. iii. 331 - 334

772 INDEX

OFFICE,continued. Whether Commission necessary to iii. 397 - 408 Foreign, Prohibition to hold iii. 215, 216 When Appointee is in iii. 408, 400 OFFICERS, who are inferior in sense of Constitution iii. 382, 386 ORIGINAL JURISDICTION. (See JUDICIARY.) iii. 572 - 576

PAPER MONEY, Prohibition of (See TENDER.) iii. 220 - 236 PARDONS AND REPRIEVES, by President iii. 340, 343 - 354 Whether extending to Contempts iii. 353 not extending to Impeachments iii. 340, 351, 353 PARLIAMENT, Powers and Rights of, over Colonies i. 172 - 183 PAR,TIES TO A SUIT, who are, and when a State iii. 549 - 560 PATENTS FOR INVENTIONS iii. 48 - 52 PENNSYLVANIA, Origin and Settlement of i. 109 - 114 PEOPLE, Constitution framed by i. 318 - 322, 446 PETITION. Right of iii 745, 746 PIRACY, Power to define iii. 52 - 58 PLANTATIONS AND COLONIES, General Law Governing i. 132 - 141 PLYMOUTH COLONY, Origin and Settlement of i. 36 - 43 POLL TAXES ii. 444 - 458 POST-OFFICE AND POST-ROADS, Power respecting iii. 22 - 47 POST-MASTER GENERAL, Suits by iii. 154 his Patronage an anomaly iii. 387, 388 POWERS OF CONGRESS, Incidental iii. 109 - 126 Express. (See CONGRESS.) Implied iii. 109, 126, 752, 759 When exclusive, or not i. 420 - 435 POWERS, reserved to States or People iii. 751, 754 PREAMBLE OF CONSTITUTION, Exposition of i. 448 - 494 PRESS, Liberty or the iii. 722, 731, 744 PRESENTMENT, what it is iii. 657 PRESIDENT, Negative on Laws ii. 343 - 355, 421 Mode of Choice of iii. 311 - 330 Re-eligibility of iii. 302 - 308

INDEX 773

PRESIDENT, Continued. Duration and Tenure of Office iii. 278, 291 - 302 Non-election of iii. 335, 336, 337 Vacancy of Office of iii. 334 - 337 Powers of iii. 340 - 424 Incidental iii. 418, 419, 420 Duties of iii. 412 - 414 Appointments by iii. 372 - 386 when complete iii. 397, 408 Removals by iii. 388 - 397 Power to require Opinions of Departments iii. 340, 343 Calling forth Militia iii. 88 - 95 Making Treaties (See Treaties) iii. 354 - 373 Command of Militia iii. 93 - 95 Resignation of iii. 334 - 337 Pardon and Reprieves by .iii. 340, 343 - 354 Qualifications of iii. 331 - 334 Compensation of iii. 337 - 339 Oath of office iii. 339, 340 Commander of Army and Navy iii. 340 - 342 Power to Convene and Adjourn Congress iii. 412 - 414 Receiving Ambassadors iii. 414 - 420 Resignation of Office iii. 334, 335, 337 Impeachment of ii. 247, 255, 278, iii. 421 Veto ii. 343 - 356. iii. 343 - 356, 421 PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE (See VICE-PRESIDENT.) ii. 208 - 211 PRESENTS FROM FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, Prohibition of iii. 215, 216 PRIORITY OF PAYMENT OF DEBTS DUE TO THE UNITED STATES iii. 153, 154 PROCESS, Due, of Law, what is iii. 656, 661 PROCLAMATIONS, BY PRESIDENT, when proper iii. 419, 429 of Neutrality iii. 419, 420 PROHIBITIONS on the United States iii. 302 - 216 on the States iii. 217 - 269 (See STATES) PROPERTY taken for Public Use, Compensation for iii. 656, 661 PROPERTY OF UNITED STATES, Power of Congress over iii. 193 - 198 PROPRIETARY GOVERNMENTS, what i. 144, 145

774 INDEX

PROTECTIVE DUTIES. (See TAXES.) ii. 429 - 440 PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS, what i. 143, 144 PUBLIC LANDS, iii. 184 - 191 PUNISHMENTS, CRUEL, not to be inflicted iii. 750, 751 PURCHASE by the United State, of Foreign Territory iii. 156 - 161 of Bills of Exchange iii. 153

QUALIFICATIONS AND DISQUALIFICATIONS OF OFFICE ii. 49, 204, 339 - 337 of House of Representatives ii. 46, 88 - 103 of Senate ii. 204 - 208 of President iii. 331 - 334 QUARTERING TROOPS, iii. 747, 748 QUORUM OF EACH HOUSE ii. 294,295

RATIFICATION OF CONSTITUTION, how made i. 256, 257. iii. 709 - 712 RECORDS AND LAWS OF STATES, how proved iii. 174 - 183 Effect of Proof iii. 174 - 183 of Colonies, effect of iii. 176, 171 RELIGIOUS TEST, Prohibition of iii. 702, 765, 731 RELIGION, Freedom of iii. 722 - 731 REMITTANCES, how United States may make iii. 153 REMOVALS FORM OFFICE BY PRESIDENT iii. 388 - 397 Whether the Concurrence of the Senate ought to be required iii. 388 - 397 REMOVAL of Suits from State Courts iii. 608 - 611 REPRESENTATIVES, House of, in Colonies i. 149, 156 first Colonial, in Virginia i. 25, 26 in Congress ii. 46 - 172 How chosen ii. 46 - 88 Term of Service ii. 47, 67 - 88 Qualifications of ii. 46, 88 - 103 Apportionment of ii. 103 - 114, 137 - 156 Speaker of House of ii. 151 - 156 Impeachment by ii. 159 - 171 Disqualifications of ii. 330 - 337

INDEX 775

REPRIEVES AND PARDONS, Power of President iii.340, 343 - 354 REPRISAL, Letters of Marque and Reprisal iii. 59 - 64 (See LETTERS OF MARQUE.) RESERVED Powers and Rights of the People iii. 751 - 754 RETROSPECTIVE LAWS iii. 268 - 269 REVENUE, Bills to raise ii. 338 - 343 REVENUE BILLS, what ii. 338 - 343 REVOLUTION, AMERICAN, Origin and History of i. 171, 184 - 208 Powers of Government during the i. 184 - 208 RHODE-ISLAND, Origin and Settlement of i. 81 - 92 RIGHTS RESERVED to the States and People iii. 751 - 754 ROADS AND CANALS, Power as to iii. 149, 153

SEARCH AND SEIZURE OF PERSONS AND PAPERS, Prohibition of iii. 748 - 750 SEAT OF GOVERNMENT iii. 96 - 101 Power of Legislation over iii. 102 - 108 SEDITION ACT, whether Constitutional iii. 164 - 166, 743, 744 SENATE, Organization of ii. 173 - 184 How chosen ii. 171 - 184 Number of ii. 184 - 186 Term of Service ii. 187 - 203 Vacancies in, how supplied ii. 203 Qualifications of ii. 204 - 208 President of ii. 208 - 211 Power to try Impeachments ii. 214 - 279 (See IMPEACHMENTS.) Disqualifications of ii. 330 - 337 SLAVES, Representation of ii. 107 - 114 Migration and Importation of iii. 202 - 206 Fugitive iii. 675 - 677 SLAVERY, Restriction of, in Territories iii. 184, 191, 192 SLAVE TRADE, Prohibition of iii. 202 - 206 SOLDIERS, Quartering of, prohibited iii. 747, 748 SOUTH-CAROLINA, Origin and Settlement of i. 117 - 127 SPEECH, Liberty of, in Congress ii. 318 SPEAKER OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ii. 151 - 156

776 INDEX

STATES, Admission of new iii. 184 - 192 Prohibitions on. (See PROHIBITIONS.) iii. 217 - 276 Treaties, Alliances, Compacts iii. 217, 218, 270 - 272 Letters of Marque and War iii. 218, 219 Coining Money iii. 219, 220 Bills of Credit iii. 220 - 238 Tender Laws iii. 236, 237 Impairing Contracts iii. 240 - 266 Bills of Attainder iii. 217, 237 Ex post facto Laws iii. 238, 239 Titles of Nobility iii. 269 Keeping Army or Navy iii. 272 Laying Duties or Imposts ii. 474 - 486 Laying Taxes ii. 471, 475 - 501 Tax on Bank of United States ii. 486 - 495 on Public Debt ii. 495 - 501 Tax on Importations ii. 474 - 486 Tonnage Duties iii. 270 Declaring War iii. 273, 273 Suits by and against (See JUDICIARY.) iii. 543, 545 - 560 When a party to a Suit iii. 549 - 560 Courts of, Appeals from iii. 572, 576 - 612 SUPREMACY of Constitution, Laws, and Treaties iii. 693 - 701

TAXES, Power of Congress to lay ii. 366 - 534 Extent of power ii. 366 - 502 Whether to regulate Commerce ii. 430 - 434, 529 - 534 or encourage Manufactures ii. 429 - 440 for Common Defence and General Welfare ii. 367, 368, 429, 444 - 458 for Internal Improvements iii. 149 - 153, 440, 458 (See APPROPRIATION.) ii. 440 - 448 Direct, what ii. 424 - 428, 442 Indirect, what ii. 419 - 424 Power not exclusive ii. 411, 413 Restrictions on Power ii. 469 - 471 Prohibitions on the States, as to ii. 471, 475 - 501 on District of Columbia iii. 462 - 469 TENDER LAWS, Prohibition of iii. 236 - 238

INDEX 777

TENURES OF LAND IN COLONIES i. 159, 161 TERRITORIES OF UNITED STATES, Government of iii. 193 - 202 Restriction of Slavery in iii. 184, 591, 192 Law of Conquered i. 133, 134, 194 Law of Plantations. (See UNITED STATES.) i. 133, 134 TEST, Religious, Prohibition of iii. 702, 705 TESTIMONY OF CRIMINALS, not compulsive iii. 656 - 660 TONNAGE DUTIES, by United States ii. 469 Prohibition on States ii. 471,474. iii. 270 TREASON, Definition of iii. 667 - 670 Evidence of iii. 667 - 671 Effect of Conviction iii. 169, 170 Punishment of iii. 169 - 173 TREATIES, Prohibition on States to form iii. 217, 218, 270, 271 Power of President and Senate to make iii. 354 - 372 TRIAL OF CRIMES, in what place iii. 652 - 655 by Jury, in Criminal Cases iii. 653 - 656 in Civil Cases iii. 628 - 548 TROOPS, Quartering, Prohibition of iii. 747, 748

UNITED COLONIES, Powers of, during Revolution i. 184 - 208 UNION, Importance of i. 451 - 463 UNITED STATES. (See CONSTITUTION.) Supremacy of Laws of iii. 693 - 701 Priority of Debts to iii. 153, 154 Right to Sue iii. 154, 155 Right to Contract and Grant iii. 154, 155 Right to Purchase Foreign Territory iii. 156 - 161 Right to acquire Domestic Territory iii. 184 - 192 (See PROHIBITIONS.) UNITY OF EXECUTIVE, Reasons iii. 281 - 291

VACANCIES, Appointments by State Executives to Senate ii. 203 Appointments by President in recess of Congress iii. 409 - 412 in Office of President and Vice-President iii. 334 - 337 VETO, President's ii. 342 - 356. iii. 421, note 778 INDEX VICE-PRESIDENT, How chosen iii. 311- 330 Reasons for Creation of iii. 308 - 311 President of Senate ii. 208, 211. iii. 309, 310 Powers and Duties ii. 908. iii. 334, 335 Vacancy, or Office of iii. 334, 337 Impeachment of ii. 247, 255, 278 Duration of Office of iii. 308, 309 Resignation of iii. 334 - 337 VIRGINIA, Origin and Settlement of i. 21 - 33

WARRANTS, General, Prohibition of iii. 748 - 750 WAR, Power of Congress to Declare iii. 59 - 64 Prohibition on the States iii. 270, 272 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES, Power of Congress as to iii. 20, 21 WITNESSES, Criminals not bound to be iii. 656, 660 in Criminal Cases iii. 656 - 662 WRIT OF ERROR, Nature and Effect of iii. 626, 629