Antifederalist Papers

Selected and edited by Morton Borden



NoAuthor/No.TitleYrMoDa
1A FederalistGeneral Introduction: A Dangerous Plan of Benefit only to the "Aristocratick Combination"1787Nov26
2William Grayson"We have been told of Phantoms"1788Jun11
3UnsignedNew Constitution Creates a National Government, Will not Abate Foreign Influence, Dangers of Civil War and Despotism1788Mar7
4Patrick HenryForeign Wars, Civil Wars, and Indian Wars — Three Bugbears1788Jun5
5An ObserverScotland and England — A Case in Point1787Dec3
6Centinel #11The Hobgoblins of Anarchy and Dissentions Among the States1788Jan16
7PhilanthroposAdoption of the Constitution Will Lead to Civil War1787Dec6
8A Federal Republican"The Power Vested in Congress of Sending Troops for Suppressing Insurrections Will Always Enable Them to Stifle the First Struggles of Freedom"1788Mar5
9MontezumaA Consolidated Government is a Tyranny1787Oct17
10A FarmerOn the Preservation of Parties, Public Liberty Depends1788Mar18
11AgrippaUnrestricted Power Over Commerce Should not be Given the National Government1787Dec14-28
12CincinnatusHow Will the New Government Raise Money?1787Nov29
13(1)A FarmerThe Expense of the New Government (Part 1)1788Jan11
13(2)UnsignedThe Expense of the New Government (Part 2)1787Oct17
14Cato #3Extent of Territory Under Consolidated Government Too Large to Preserve Liberty or Protect Property1787Oct25
15UnsignedRhode Island is Right!1787Dec7
16AlfredEuropeans Admire and Federalists Decry the Present System1787Dec25
17BrutusFederalist Power Will Ultimately Subvert State Authority
18-20An Old WhigWhat Does History Teach? (Part 1)1787Nov27
18-20A Newport ManWhat Does History Teach? (Part 2)1788Mar17
21CentinelWhy the Articles Failed1787Oct5
22CandidusArticles of Confederation Simply Requires Amendments, Particularly for Commercial Power and Judicial Power; Constitution Goes Too Far1787Dec6
23(1)Brutus #7Certain Powers Necessary for the Common Defense, Can and Should be Limited (Part 1)1788Jan3
23(2)Brutus #8Certain Powers Necessary for the Common Defense, Can and Should be Limited (Part 2)1788Jan10
24Brutus #9Objections to a Standing Army (part 1)1788Jan17
25Brutus #10Objections to a Standing Army (part 2)1788Jan24
26A Farmer and PlanterThe Use of Coercion by the New Government (Part 1)1788Apr1
27John HumbleThe Use of Coercion by the New Government (Part 2)1787Oct29
28UnsignedThe Use of Coercion by the New Government (Part 3)1788Jan16
29(1)A Democratic FederalistObjections to National Control of the Militia (Part 1)1787Oct23
29(2)Pennsylvania MinorityObjections to National Control of the Militia (Part 2)1787Dec12
30-31Cato UticensisA Virginia Antifederalist on the Issue of Taxation1787Oct31
32Brutus #5Federal Taxation and the Doctrine of Implied Powers (Part 1)1787Dec13
33Brutus #6Federal Taxation and the Doctrine of Implied Powers (Part 2)1787Dec27
34Patrick HenryThe Problem of Concurrent Taxation1788Jun5
35George MasonFederal Taxing Power Must be Restrained1788Jun4
36Federal FarmerRepresentation and Internal Taxation
37Federal FarmerFactions and the Constitution
38(1)Brutus JuniorSome Reactions to Federalist Arguments (Part 1)1787Nov8
38(2)A CountrymanSome Reactions to Federalist Arguments (Part 2)1788Jan10
38(3)A CountrymanSome Reactions to Federalist Arguments (Part 3)1788Feb14
39A FarmerAppearance and Reality — The Form is Federal; The Effect is National1788Apr15
40(1)PhiladelphiensisOn the Motivations and Authority of the Founding Fathers (1)
40(2)An AmericanOn the Motivations and Authority of the Founding Fathers (2)
40(3)A Farmer and PlanterOn the Motivations and Authority of the Founding Fathers (3)
40(4)Patrick HenryOn the Motivations and Authority of the Founding Fathers (4)
40(5)CentinelOn the Motivations and Authority of the Founding Fathers (5)
40(6)Yeomanry of MassachusettsOn the Motivations and Authority of the Founding Fathers (6)
41-43Federal Farmer"The Quantity of Power the Union Must Possess is One Thing, the Mode of Exercising the Powers Given is Quite a Different Consideration" (Part 1)
41-43Federal Farmer"The Quantity of Power the Union Must Possess is One Thing, the Mode of Exercising the Powers Given is Quite a Different Consideration" (Part 2)
44DeliberatorWhat Congress Can Do; What a State Can Not1788Feb20
45SydneyPowers of National Government Dangerous to State Government; New York as an Example1788Jun13
46An Old Whig"Where Then is the Restraint?"1788Nov2
47Centinel"Balance" of Departments not Achieved under New Constitution1787Oct5,24
48LeonidasNo Separation of Departments Results in No Responsibility1788Jul30
49MassachusettensisOn Constitutional Conventions (Part 1)1788Jan29
50An Old WhigOn Constitutional Conventions (Part 2)1787Nov27
51AristocrotisDo Checks and Balances Really Secure the Rights of the People?1788
52Consider Arms, ...On the Guarantee of Congressional Biennial Elections1788Apr9
53AmicusA Plea for the Right of Recall1788Aug28
54(1)Brutus #3Apportionment and Slavery: Northern and Southern Views (1)
54(2)Rawlins LowndesApportionment and Slavery: Northern and Southern Views (2)1788Jan16-18
54(3)Cato #6Apportionment and Slavery: Northern and Southern Views (3)
54(4)A GeorgianApportionment and Slavery: Northern and Southern Views (4)1787Nov15
55Federal FarmerWill the House of Representatives be Genuinely Representative? (Part 1)
56Federal FarmerWill the House of Representatives be Genuinely Representative? (Part 2)
57Federal FarmerWill the House of Representatives be Genuinely Representative? (Part 3)
58Federal FarmerWill the House of Representatives be Genuinely Representative? (Part 4)
59Vox PopuliThe Danger of Congressional Control of Elections1787Oct30
60John F. MercerWill the Constitution Promote the Interests of Favorite Classes?1788
61Federal FarmerQuestions and Comments on the Constitutional Provisions Regarding the Election of Congressmen
62Brutus #16On the Organization and Powers of the Senate (Part 1)1788Apr10
63Federal FarmerOn the Organization and Powers of the Senate (Part 2)
64CincinnatusOn the Organization and Powers of the Senate (Part 3)1787Nov22
65Gilbert Livingston, John LansingOn the Organization and Powers of the Senate (Part 4)1788Jun24
66Joseph Taylor, ...From North Carolina
67CatoVarious Fears Concerning the Executive Department1787Nov8
68William GraysonOn the Mode of Electing the President1788Jun18
69Federal FarmerThe Character of the Executive Office
70An Old WhigThe Powers and Dangerous Potentials of His Elected Majesty1787Dec11
71(1)Luther MartinThe Presidential Term of Office (1)
71(2)Agrippa #18The Presidential Term of Office (2)1788Feb5
71(3)A CustomerThe Presidential Term of Office (3)1788Mar13
72RepublicusOn the Electoral College; On Reeligibility of the President1788Mar1
73William PennDoes the Presidential Veto Power Infringe on the Separation of Departments?1788Jan3
74PhiladelphiensisThe President as Military King1788Feb6
75HampdenA Note Protesting the Treaty-Making Provisions of the Constitution1788Feb16
76-77Federal FarmerAn Antifederalist View of the Appointing Power Under the Constitution
78-79Brutus #15, 16The Power of the Judiciary (Part 1)1788Mar20
80Brutus #11The Power of the Judiciary (Part 2)1788Jan31
81Brutus #12, 14The Power of the Judiciary (Part 3)1788Feb7,28
82Brutus #14, 15The Power of the Judiciary (Part 4)1788Mar6,20
83Luther MartinThe Federal Judiciary and the Issue of Trial by Jury
84BrutusOn the Lack of a Bill of Rights
85PlebianConcluding Remarks: Evils Under Confederation Exaggerated; Constitution Must be Drastically Revised Before Adoption

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