From daemon@mars.galstar.com Tue Feb 17 02:48:58 1998 Received: from mars.galstar.com ([204.251.80.4]) by THE-SPA.COM with ESMTP (IPAD 2.03) id 8771700 ; Tue, 17 Feb 1998 02:48:58 EST Received: (from daemon@localhost) by mars.galstar.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) id BAA25083 for piml-mail; Tue, 17 Feb 1998 01:33:38 -0600 (CST) Received: from oso.slonet.org (root@oso.slonet.org [207.114.180.2]) by mars.galstar.com (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id BAA25076 for ; Tue, 17 Feb 1998 01:33:36 -0600 (CST) Received: from tsc3-145.snlo.dialup.slonet.org (tsc3-145.snlo.dialup.slonet.org [206.190.92.145]) by oso.slonet.org (8.8.8/8.8.8) with SMTP id XAA13535 for ; Mon, 16 Feb 1998 23:30:56 -0800 (PST) Message-Id: <199802170730.XAA13535@oso.slonet.org> Comments: Authenticated sender is From: "Mike Rosenborg" To: piml@mars.galstar.com Date: Mon, 16 Feb 1998 23:33:30 -0800 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Subject: piml] Anthrax Reply-to: mrosenbo@slonet.org Priority: normal X-mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows (v2.54) Errors-To: piml-owner@mars.galstar.com X-bmw: Black Marble Wombat Version 5.1 Galstar Secure Hack -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- FYI: The following information on the anthrax bacteria was scanned from TM 3-216/AFM 355-6, _Technical Aspects of Biological Defense_, Washington, DC, Depts. of the Army and Air Force, 12 January 1971, pp. 22-23. "Bacillus Anthracis (Anthrax) a. Description. Bacillus anthracis is a rod- shaped, gram-positive, aerobic, sporulating micro- organism; the spores constitute the usual infective form. b. Disease Produced. Anthrax may appear in three forms in man: cutaneous, pulmonary, and intestinal. The cutaneous or skin form of anthrax, also referred to as malignant pustule or malig- nant carbuncle, occurs most frequently on the hands and forearms of persons who work with infected livestock. Cutaneous anthrax is charac- terized by swelling and ulcerated sores at the site of infection. Sometimes this local infection will develop into systemic infection. The pulmonary form, known also as woolsorters' disease, is an infection of the lungs contracted by inhalation of the bacterial spores. It occurs mainly among workers who handle contaminated hides, wool, or furs. The intestinal form, which is rare in man, is contracted by ingestion of insufficiently cooked meat from infected animals. c. Sources ol Infection. Cattle, sheep, goats, and horses are the chief animal hosts; but other animals might also become infected. The disease can be contracted by the handling of contami- nated hair, wool, hides, flesh, blood, and excreta of infected animals and from products manufac- tured from infected animals, such as bone meal. d. Modes of Transmission. Transmission is through scratches or abrasions of the skin, wounds, inhalation of spores, or eating improp- erly cooked meat. Flies can serve as mechanical vectors. e. Incubation Period. The incubation period is from 1 to 7 days. It is usually less than 4 days and may be less than 24 hours in pulmonary cases. f. Susceptibility and Resistance. Presumably all human populations are susceptible. Recovery from an attack of the disease may be followed by some degree of immunity. g. Prevalence. Anthrax is sporadic in man and is associated only with animal infections or han- dling of infected hides and furs. h. Mortality. In man, the mortality rate of untreated cutaneous anthrax ranges up to 25 percent: in pulmonary cases, it might approach 100 percent. The rare intestinal cases of anthrax are usually fatal. i. Immunization. Immunization measures have been developed and are presently being evaluated in industrial situations. j. Treatment. Cutaneous anthrax can be treated effectively with some antibiotics, including peni- cillin, aureomycin, terramycin, and chloromyce- tin; with sulfadiazine; and with immune serum. Similar treatment or treatment with immune serum for pulmonary and intestinal infections may be useful in the very early stages, but is of little value after the disease is well established. k. Epidemicity. Anthrax is not contagious from man to man. Control of the disease is accom- plished by prompt disposal of infected carcasses by burning or deep burial and by decontamination of animal products. l. Stability. The spores are very stable and may remain alive for many years in soil and water, while the vegetative form is quite unstable. Spores will resist sunlight for several days. Steam under pressure, or exposure to dry heat above 284 [deg.] F. for 1 hour, is necessary to kill spores. Effective decontamination can be accomplished by boiling contaminated articles in water for 30 minutes or by using some of the common dis- infectants. Chlorine is effective in destroying spores and vegetative cells." -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: 2.6.2 iQEPAwUBNOk7y0SvSAAvzwoBAQEU2gfPQDzNPX5j8rtiIxZMILKzoq85Q2xjFSbz A6fkiGLLPiCjRiRCywtAwYi+0We3cQUEndEPgMEezL03clEG4O7l1yPj7Nh9SOBg Xz9olyXCWOWxj7oy59NmoSaF8EsPakHHQ6O+qWOH9SqvMmVOGGzJZPp572lQ4emN UmVGqEM2zcNlF/pz/8qFFWV8tIzhZV9vwhG3PXziPPGpCgKwXPmavArdGwd3BAK/ vu1TntixCiDxjqSeKn26TPdNeFwRQMV81ocCQUFgNt6YY2YOAiteRkoOlvoc3n4f IfzPPMNtOftDGxfb5q3c5mKj2Td+QYkfPx0JT+duF8a2fQ== =HTq2 -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- _____________________________________ Mike Rosenborg, M.S. Mathematics USMC (1972-1976) Member, Force Recon Association PGP public key 0x2FCF0A01 (RSA) mailto:mrosenbo@slonet.org?subject=sendpgpkey